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Child pornography is hidden on virtually every large corporate network, according to security experts.
While it’s common to hear stories of workers being fired for downloading pornographic images onto their systems, and it’s even more common to hear people complain of pornographic spam, industry watchers say the problem goes even further. Child pornography — explicit images and text dealing with underage children — can be easily found on nearly every large network — be it corporate, academic or government.
”If you’ve got a big company system, I can almost guarantee that you have child pornography on it,” says Kenneth Citarella, deputy chief of investigations with the Westchester County District Attorney’s Office. ”It’s there somewhere.”
And analysts and law enforcement say it’s not simply a case of someone accidentally opening an offensive spam message.
Edward Appel, chief operating officer of the Joint Council, agrees with his colleague, adding that there’s ‘almost a 100%’ probability of finding child porn on corporate networks.
”They think if nobody is standing over their shoulder, it’s a private act,” says Appel, who notes that it’s found both on hard drives and shared storage. ”They think they can get away with it but it’s discoverable. The evidence is easily found.”
And the person downloading it onto the network, might not even work in that company, according to Charles Kolodgy, a research manager with industry analyst firm IDC.
”It might not even be because someone in your company is doing it,” says Kolodgy. ”Someone outside could have found a way in and now they have all that storage space.”
No matter how it gets there, having child pornography on a corporate network causes a litany of legal issues — from creating a hostile work environment to criminal liability.
Security and law enforcement experts have differing opinions on whether or not a company is held liable for illegal content sitting on its network. Some say if company executives don’t know it’s there, they’re not responsible for it. Others disagree. Most say IT managers need to go looking for it. And all of them agree that once it’s found, it needs to be reported to police.
”Do not delete and forget it,” says Citarella from the DA’s office. ”There may be a real child at risk. You ignoring it may allow him to continue abusing… and then your company may face catastrophic liability. You won’t write a check to that child’s parents. You’ll give them a deed to corporate headquarters.”
IDC’s Kolodgy says IT administrators need to check their systems for illegal content regularly — to both have control over their networks and to eliminate and report illegal activity. Kolodgy notes that a lot of administrators check for and wipe out mp3 files when they’re doing backups. They also should be checking for any anomalies, such as the passing of data files outside the network, that would hint that something is going on that shouldn’t be.
All the analysts agree that the best way to head the problem off is to create a policy that restricts corporate Internet usage for anything but strictly business purposes. Users should have no expectations of privacy when using company equipment and services.
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Revealing Hidden Files On Os X
Hidden files and folders on OS X are hidden because they are system files, like Linux, UNIX system files generally have a leading dot, like .htaccess, .profile and .bash. These are files which exist on the system but are not visible, because to delete or edit them can sometimes compromise the system.
Sometimes they are system files, although not especially crucial to the functioning of the machine on a UNIX level. That said, they are best not played around with by a non-expert user either way.
So why would you ever want to reveal them for editing anyway? Well, perhaps you are an expert user; in certain circumstances you might want to edit the .htaccess file, for example. And you might also need to see the hidden trash folder in a volume to see what files are lurking in there before you empty the trash or figure out why they are not deleting when you do so.
The only way to edit anything hidden or within a hidden folder or a system file is to reveal them all, edit, then hide them all again. Either way there are many reasons to expose hidden files and a few ways to turn them on and off. In this article, we will cover the simplest ways.
Warning: Revealing hidden files and editing them is not something you do for fun; it’s a serious, potentially machine-breaking business. Please, follow the instructions carefully. Or make sure you have a Time Machine backup before you do this if you are in any way lacking confidence in your ability to get yourself out of a hole if something goes wrong.
Terminal Hide and SeekIn Terminal, once it has started and presented you with a prompt, type the following:
defaultswrite
com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles TRUEand press Return. This tells the machine that all hidden files and folders should now be visible again. The system greys them out (or makes them slightly translucent) so you can tell them from normal folders at a glance.
Look around though and you’ll see nothing has happened. This is because the effect doesn’t show on screen until you relaunch the Finder, so before you can actually see the folders you revealed you need to type an additional command on a new line:
killall
FinderThis is the command for relaunching the Finder. The Finder will dutifully relaunch itself and refresh. Be patient and don’t freak out when everything goes blank, give it a few moments. The desktop and folders which are open are now shutdown and restarted, revealing all the hidden folders.
Now You See MeTo turn off the folders again, you have to follow the same procedure but this time with a FALSE switch on the command AppleShowAllFiles. So go back to Terminal and type:
defaultswrite
com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles FALSEfollowed on another line by:
killall
Finderto reset the Finder. Now all the hidden folders are hidden again.
You can, if you like, put it all together in one line separated by a semicolon:
defaultswrite
com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles FALSE;killall
Finder Show Hidden Folders in a DialogAs a bonus, you can also show any hidden files and folders when you are using a Save dialog.
To toggle hidden folders in any save dialog use the keystroke “? + Shift + .” (that’s a period) to turn them on and off.
Phil South
Phil South has been writing about tech subjects for over 30 years. Starting out with Your Sinclair magazine in the 80s, and then MacUser and Computer Shopper. He’s designed user interfaces for groundbreaking music software, been the technical editor on film making and visual effects books for Elsevier, and helped create the MTE YouTube Channel. He lives and works in South Wales, UK.
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How To Prioritize Wifi Networks On Mac And Iphone
WiFi is pretty much the most sought after commodity these days, especially if you can bag it for free. It’s everywhere in today’s world, with most places having more than one WiFi network available. That’s all great for connectivity, but it does play the role of a double-edged sword. You see, having multiple WiFi networks also poses the question of which one you should connect to, since one might have better coverage in one area and weak in the other. At my house, for instance, I have a separate network for the upper and lower floors, and I’d ideally want to connect to the network that’s for the floor that I’m on, since the signal strength is understandably better.
Prioritizing WiFi networks in macOSOne of the many things about macOS that I love, is how it offers a pleasant user experience, and puts user friendliness ahead of everything else (and yeah, you can disagree with that; it is just my opinion formed over years). A feature in macOS Sierra and earlier, which is often either overlooked or ignored, is the ability to prioritize saved networks by the order that you want your Mac to connect to them. Using this, you can actually define which networks have higher priority, so that in their presence, your Mac will connect to them first and even switch to them if they become available.
3. The next window will present a column under the title “Preferred Networks”, where all the remembered WiFi networks on your Mac will be listed. Just underneath this column, you’ll see a plus and a minus button. These buttons will move a selected network up or down the list, respectively.
Here’s the thing: networks on the top of the list have a higher priority compared to the ones at bottom. Therefore, all you need to do is to arrange the networks in the order that you want to connect to them. This means that whichever network you want to always stay connected to, just select it and use the plus sign to move it to the very top of the list. Likewise, if you want to lower the preference for a network, just move it toward the end of your list.
Prioritizing WiFi networks in iOSNote: You will need a Mac with the same Apple ID being used on both the computer and the iPhone.
There isn’t any specific action that you need to take to achieve network prioritization on an iPhone or iPad. Because settings and preferences are shared across Apple devices, provided they’re using the same Apple ID, whatever priority you define on the Mac will carry over to the iPhone assuming that iCloud sync is enabled.
Of course, there are certain caveats to this process. It requires you to have a Mac with the same Apple ID shared across both. It also assumes that you have the same WiFi networks configured on both your iPhone and Mac, which is very likely not the case since the iPhone is a lot more mobile than a Mac potentially may be. However, this is the only way, as of now.
SEE ALSO: How to View Saved iPhone WiFi Passwords on Mac (No Jailbreak)
Set up WiFi Priority on iPhone, iPad and MacHow To Create A Child Account For Family Sharing On Mac
Got your kid a shiny new MacBook as a present recently? Or perhaps you simply created a new username for a child on an existing Mac? Also, is that kid under 13 years of age? If so, they will not be able to create an Apple ID account on their own. Therefore, you as the adult will need to create a child account for them, and it’s easy to do from a Mac (or separately, from iPhone or iPad if you’d prefer to use those devices for this purpose).
Apple doesn’t allow anyone under 13 to create an Apple account on any of their devices. Of course, anyone could enter the wrong date of birth and make an account if they really wanted to get around the age restriction. However, with Family Sharing, you get to create a child account for your kid that you’ll have some sort of control over. Plus, you can share the Apple services you’ve subscribed to like iCloud, Apple Music, Apple TV, etc. seamlessly. Prior to this feature existing, many users created a unique Apple ID without a credit card specifically for this purpose, but child accounts aim to fill that niche.
Are you trying to figure out the setup procedure for child accounts? We got you covered. Here, we’ll be taking a look at how you can create a child account for Family Sharing on a Mac with ease.
How to Create a Child Account for Family Sharing on MacTo be able to create a child account, you need to be the Organizer or Parent/Guardian in your family group. Also, you need to have a valid payment method linked to your Apple ID. Once you’re met these requirements, just follow the steps below to get started.
There you go. As long as you’ve entered all the necessary details correctly, you will have created a child account for family sharing.
Now, you can share the account login details with your kid and they could change the password manually if needed. Since they’re already in your family group, they’ll be able to make use of the services you’ve subscribed to and access your shared Apps Store and iTunes purchases. All of this is done without sharing each other’s Apple accounts. Family Sharing also makes it easy to locate your family members geographically by tracking their devices with the Find My service.
Any purchases made on your child’s account will be charged to the credit card linked to your Apple ID. If you have multiple payment options, the default payment method will be used for purchases. This shouldn’t get you worried about unauthorized charges since you have the option to enable “Ask to Buy” for the child account.
If you have an iOS / iPadOS device, you can also create a child account on it in a very similar way. Also, if your kid uses an iPhone or iPad, you can set up Screen Time on their device to restrict their usage. For those who aren’t aware, Screen Time gives you control over the apps they have access to and the contacts they can communicate with.
Related
Attacks Against 3G Mobile Networks
Mobile 3G network attacks are attacks that are specifically targeted at 3G mobile networks. 3G, or third-generation, mobile networks are the third generation of mobile communication technology and are used to provide wireless data and voice services to mobile devices. There are several types of attacks that can be launched against 3G mobile networks, including eavesdropping, man-in-the-middle attacks, denial of service (DoS) attacks, malware infections, and interference with communication signals. It’s important for mobile network operators to implement security measures to protect against these types of attacks and keep their networks secure.
Types of 3G Mobile AttackThere are several types of attacks that can be launched against mobile networks −
Eavesdropping − This type of attack involves intercepting and listening to the communication between two parties without their knowledge.
Man-in-the-middle attack − In this type of attack, an attacker intercepts the communication between two parties and poses as one of the parties, allowing them to alter the communication and potentially steal sensitive information.
Denial of service (DoS) attack − A DoS attack involves flooding a network or device with traffic, making it unavailable to legitimate users.
Malware − Malware, or malicious software, can be used to compromise the security of a mobile network and steal sensitive information.
Interference − Attackers can interfere with the communication between two parties by disrupting the signals used to transmit data.
Rogue base stations − An attacker can set up a fake base station to intercept communication between mobile devices and the legitimate network.
SMS spoofing − Attackers can send text messages from a fake or spoofed sender, potentially tricking users into divulging sensitive information or downloading malware.
Location tracking − An attacker can track a mobile device’s location by accessing the location data transmitted by the device.
It’s important for mobile network operators to implement security measures to protect against these types of attacks and keep their networks secure.
How to secure Mobile 3G network trafficThere are several measures that can be taken to secure 3G mobile network traffic −
Encryption − Encrypting the communication between devices and the network can help prevent eavesdropping and man-in-the-middle attacks.
Virtual private networks (VPNs) − VPNs can be used to secure the communication between devices and the network by creating a secure, encrypted connection.
Firewalls − Firewalls can be used to block unwanted traffic and protect against DoS attacks.
Antivirus software − Antivirus software can be used to detect and prevent malware infections on mobile devices.
Network segmentation − Segmenting the network into different sections can help prevent an attacker from gaining access to the entire network if they are able to compromise one section.
Regular software updates − Keeping software up to date can help fix known vulnerabilities and prevent attacks.
How to protect mobile data from network attacksHere are some steps you can take to protect your mobile data from network attacks −
Use a strong, unique password for your device and don’t share it with anyone.
Enable two-factor authentication whenever possible.
Use a virtual private network (VPN) to encrypt your internet connection and secure your data when using public Wi-Fi.
Keep your device’s operating system and antivirus software up to date to fix known vulnerabilities.
Avoid accessing sensitive information on public or untrusted networks.
Don’t jailbreak or root your device, as doing so can remove important security measures.
Consider using a mobile security app to provide additional protection for your device and data.
By following these steps, you can help protect your mobile data from network attacks and keep your device and information secure.
Corporate Sustainability – Meaning, Examples, And Importance
blog / Business Management Corporate Sustainability – Meaning, Examples, and Importance
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This article was originally published by the Network for Business Sustainability. It was written by Tima Bansal and Devika Agarwal.
Most people still find the concept of corporate sustainability unclear. We explain what it means and why it’s important.In the last two years, there has been a tidal wave of companies committing to “sustainability.” They might set net zero carbon goals, diversify their workforce, or move into new, cleaner lines of business. And, this is just the front edge of the wave. The interest in sustainability is likely to grow even more over the next decade, as businesses feel pressure from social movements and environmental challenges.
But corporate sustainability is still confusing to many people. People often ask me: “So, what do you mean by sustainability?” I’m a researcher who has studied this topic for over 20 years and I work closely with companies. Here, I describe what corporate (or business) sustainability means, why it matters, and how to make it part of your business.
What are the principles of sustainability?Corporate sustainability comes from the concept of “sustainable development.” The World Commission on Environment and Development, a United Nations initiative, defined that concept in 1987. Sustainable development means actions that “meet the needs of present generations without compromising the needs of future generations.”
To contribute to sustainable development, businesses should create wealth to reduce poverty, but do so without harming the natural environment. In this way, businesses help our world today and ensure that future generations can also thrive.
In practice, this means that business must consider three key things in their operations:
Human rights and social justice. Sustainability requires businesses to recognize their impact on the people they employ and the communities around them. This recognition means committing to fair wages, just and ethical treatment, and a clean and safe environment.
Natural resource extraction and waste. Businesses often rely on natural resources such as land, water and energy. While many natural resources can renew or “regenerate,” this takes time. Businesses need to respect these cycles, by using natural resources at the speed at which they regenerate.
Short- and long-term thinking. Businesses face intense pressure for immediate profits, but sustainability requires investing in technologies and people for the future, even though financial benefits show up much later. Companies are used to longer-term thinking for capital investments, but a sustainability orientation applies this logic to investments in people and society.
For example: Some fossil fuel companies have reimagined themselves as energy companies, even though major investments in renewable energies are less profitable in the short run than their oil, gas or coal operations. They recognize that climate change requires them to build new capabilities and sources of energy.
How does corporate sustainability differ from corporate social responsibility?Many terms exist to describe companies’ social and environmental initiatives. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the most common; others include environmental, social, and governance (ESG), shared value, the triple bottom line, and managing environmental impacts.
I see ‘sustainability’ as the most complete and powerful of these related concepts. That’s because sustainability asks managers to take a “systems view.” A systems outlook recognizes that companies are part of a larger social and environmental system, that systems change, and that today’s actions must consider the future.
CSR emphasizes a company’s ethical responsibilities. However, what is ethical for one person or company may not be seen ethical by another. For example, some people see a minimum wage as being responsible, whereas others see a higher “living wage” as the ethical choice. Corporate sustainability emphasizes science-based principles for corporate action. A corporate sustainability lens would set a wage in which people could meet their basic needs, which will vary from place to place.
Additionally, CSR generally does not speak to fairness across generations; it focuses more on the present.
But don’t get too lost in the definitions. Ultimately, all of these terms ask businesses to think about the broader world in which they operate, and not just on short-term self-interest.
Why is corporate sustainability important?Business is a powerful actor in society, with some businesses being larger than some governments. For example, Amazon’s revenues in 2023 were $US281bn: larger than Pakistan’s GDP.[1] Businesses now have so much power that executives can choose to create a better life for all or just a few.
Society is also pushing companies to invest in sustainability. Many governments, citizens, and other stakeholders want to see companies showing concern for their communities. Failing to do so can mean losing the social license to operate, which is society’s trust in a company.
Additionally, companies can benefit in the long term from being green and good. Evidence shows that financial benefits come in many forms. For example:
Reducing waste, e.g. through energy efficiency investments, often produces savings.
Investors increasingly look for companies that have higher “ESG” (environmental, social and governance) ratings, as a way of managing risks.
Creative and committed individuals seek out employers committed to sustainability and are even willing to take a lower salary if such a commitment is sincere.
But, let’s be honest. Sustainability is not just about making money. It is also a vision of what executives running powerful businesses want to see in the world they create. They imagine a world in which everyone can flourish, living on a planet that is resilient and rich with biodiversity. They don’t want to inhabit a world in which only a few live well, whereas others live with disease and waste.
How do you build a corporate sustainability strategy?Companies can move step by step toward sustainability, gradually increasing and expanding their actions. Often companies begin by putting their own houses in order, looking internally at decision-making, operations, culture, and other areas. They may move on to partnering with suppliers, vendors and other companies can help organizations learn and share best practices. Eventually, companies need to engage with society, from community stakeholders to NGOs.
Ultimately, no single company can create sustainable development: it must be a collective effort. That’s because many sustainability issues, such as climate change and poverty, are so huge that they require action by many citizens and organizations. And for any single company to create zero emissions, it needs suppliers to innovate cleaner products and regulators and customers willing to support their efforts. Sustainability requires new forms of collaboration and new thinking about the economy.
Corporate sustainability may not be simple, but it is necessary. Those companies that embrace the full complexity of sustainability ideas sooner than later will contribute to a better world and experience higher long-term profits. Why wouldn’t we all want to work towards that vision?
About the SeriesThe Network for Business Sustainability “Basics” series provides essential knowledge about core business sustainability topics for business leaders thinking ahead. “The Basics” provides essential knowledge about core business sustainability topics. The Network for Business Sustainability builds these articles for business leaders thinking ahead.
About the AuthorsDevika Agarwal is an MBA/MS student at the University of Michigan Erb Institute for Global Sustainable Enterprise. Devika hails from strategic sourcing in the retail industry and now works to influence sustainability and innovation in the Global Supply Chain.
[1] Based on corporate revenues ranked against national GDP. Amazon’s total would rank it 41st in the list of world economies based on GDP, just above Pakistan.
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