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Introduction to Compatibility Testing

Compatibility Testing is a step in the software application testing process that is used to test the non-functional features and the regulatory behaviour of the application with other systems connected to the application. This testing is performed under different circumstances and different hardware support for the application to run, such as the operating systems, supporting applications or platform, various browsers, diverse environments, assorted devices, versions testing, etc. It is performed in two patterns, namely Forward compatibility Testing and Backward compatibility Testing.

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What is Compatibility Testing?

It is a non-functional software testing that checks whether the software you have developed is working in different networks, hardware, applications, operating systems, etc. To avoid bugs, software products usually undergo different manual or automated testing stages before the final release.

It can be performed either manually or by using automated tools. In order to undergo effective compatibility testing without bug leakage, perfect scenarios like different versions, resolutions, configurations, internet speed versions have to be maintained.

Following are the different categories:

Software Testing

Testing of softwares compatibility with different software.

Below are the five categories of Software Compatibility Testing:

Mobile Testing: Testing is done on different mobile devices such as Windows, iOS, Android to check whether the application developed is compatible with them.

Devices Testing: Softwares or applications will be tested in different devices such as scanners, bluetooth, USB, printers, etc., for checking the compatibility.

Browser Testing: To check the compatibility, Softwares or Applications developed will be tested in different browsers such as Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Yahoo, Bing, Firefox, etc.

Software Version Testing: Application or software are checked with a different version.

Networks Testing: Testing is done in different networks such as Wifi, 5G, 4G to check whether the application or software developed is compatible with them.

Hardware Testing

To check the compatibility, Softwares or Applications developed will be tested in different hardware configurations also.

Operating Systems

Softwares or applications will be tested in different operating systems such as Linux, Windows, MacOS, etc., for checking the compatibility.

Types of Compatibility Testing

Mainly, there are two types.

They are as follows:

Forward Compatibility Testing

Backward Compatibility Testing

1. Forward Compatibility Testing 2. Backward Compatibility Testing

In this testing, the developed software or application is tested to check whether it is compatible with older versions and platforms. This testing is also known as downward compatible. Since all the dynamics of older versions are known to the testers, this testing is more predictable than forwarding Compatible Testing.

Ensure the developed software is working on all conditions.

Ensure all the business requirements for the product are met.

Quality improved.

Significant user experience can increase the growth of an organization.

Detection of errors before the final release.

Avoid customer complaints in the future.

Enhancement of development process.

Reveals stability apart from scalability, usability, and compatibility.

How to do Compatibility Testing?

As already mentioned, it can be done manually or by using automated tools. The process of this involves four steps. Before moving to the process, make sure that the platforms and environments for testing are already identified.

Designing of the Test Cases & Configuration by the team Set up of Test Cases & Environment

After the first step, i.e. designing of required test cases, testers set up the environment where the software’s compatibility will be tested and confirmed.

Result Generation and Analysis Rectification & Retesting

Once the report is submitted, the responsible authority will check it, and the team fix the defects and resolves them. After this, the software will be again retested until no bugs or issues are present. This will enhance the quality of the product.

Some of the common bugs the team encounters in this are:

Modifications or variations in the look or feel of the user interface (UI).

Broken frames or tables.

Alignment issues.

Variations in the size of the font.

Issues related to scroll bar.

Overlapping of contents or labels.

Change in color and style of CSS.

To perform it, certain tools are available in the market.

They are:

Always make sure that Compatible Testing is only done when the software or application is stable.

Conclusion

It is non-functional testing where the software or application compatibility is checked with different platforms, environments, operating systems, versions, mobile devices, etc. It can be done using manual or automated tools depend on the requirement. Types, categories, and processes are addressed in the above sections.

Component Testing Vs Unit Testing

Difference Between Component Testing vs Unit Testing

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Unit Testing is the technique in software testing individual applications, modules that indicate the execution of the programme according to the specification. Unit Testing is a form of white box software testing in which individual software units are tested to determine whether or not they are eligible for use. These software unit includes a group of computer programme usage procedures, modules, as well as operating procedures. Error Detection is easy in unit testing as it is done after each development step. For the modules being evaluated, a driver function is responsible for creating method calls. The component which uses a strategy is imitated as the stub. The original substitute for the misplaced approaches is these stubs.

Head to Head Comparison Between Component Testing vs Unit Testing (Infographics)

Key Difference Between Component Testing vs Unit Testing

The main difference between component testing and unit testing is that the component testing is performed by testers on the other hand the Unit testing is executed by SDET professionals or developers. Component testing is performed at the application level whereas unit testing is done at a granular level.

It is examined in unit testing whether the piece of code or individual program is executed as defined. In component testing, each software object is independently evaluated with or without separation from other device objects or components.

In component testing, testing is done by validating use cases and test requirements whereas Unit testing is tested against design documents.

Component testing is a type of black box testing while unit testing is a type of white box testing.

Component testing is performed once the unit testing is performed while before the component testing. In component testing, tester does not have knowledge about the internal architecture of the software. On the other hand, while doing unit testing, developers know the internal architecture of the software.

Error detection is a bit difficult in component testing as compared to unit testing and it is performed only after the whole software is developed. Whereas unit testing is done after each development step. Hence component testing is important for finding the errors and bugs. In order to make sure that each component of an application works efficiently, it is recommended to conduct the component test before proceeding with the unit testing.

Component Testing vs Unit Testing Comparison Table

Let’s discuss the top comparison between Component Testing vs Unit Testing:

Sr. No Component Testing Unit Testing

1 In this testing, each object or component of the software is tested separately. In this type of testing, individual modules or programs for program execution.

2 It validates use cases and test requirements. It is tested against design documents.

3 It is performed once the unit testing is performed. It is performed before the component testing.

4 In component testing, tester do not have knowledge about the internal architecture of the software. In Unit testing, developers knows the internal architecture of the software.

5 Error detection is bit difficult as compared to unit testing. Error detection is easy in unit testing.

6 Component testing is performed only after the whole software is developed. Unit testing is done after each development step.

7 It is done at application level. Unit testing is done at a granular level.

8 It is a type of black box testing. It is a type of white box testing.

Conclusion

In this article we have seen key differences between Component Testing and Unit Testing. Component testing is just much like unit testing, but it is conducted at a higher level of the context of the application and integration. If the Component testing is done correctly then there are fewer bugs in the next stage hence it is conducted before unit testing which tests the programs.

Ios 16: New Features, Iphone Compatibility, Release Date

New features in iOS 16

With iOS 15, Apple introduced Live Text, Focus Modes, a redesigned Safari, and lots of new tweaks for FaceTime and iMessage. Now, with iOS 16, Apple is improving all these experiences while bringing a revamped Lock Screen, which Craig Federighi called “an act of love” in an interview.

Here’s what’s new with iOS 16.

New Lock Screen, revamped notification center, and deeper Focus Mode integration

The new Lock Screen is Apple’s main bet with iOS 16. You can customize the font, color, or placement of elements on your Lock Screen by tapping the element. There are new font styles and color choices that allow you to customize the look of the date and time.

With Widgets and a new API, users can add third-party widgets to the Lock Screen. In a future update, Live Activities will show ongoing sports games or track the progress of your Uber ride, for example.

iOS 16 will suggest photos and styles, and the best part is that it’s deeply integrated with Focus Mode. Depending on your Focus, you can change the lock screen wallpaper, style, and even widgets.

Focus Mode also can be turned on at a set time, location, or while using a certain app. Last but not least, with Focus filters, you can set boundaries within Apple apps like Calendar, Mail, Messages, and Safari.

To finish this section, the revamped notification center now shows notifications from the bottom to the top. The system also hides better notifications depending on your Focus Mode.

Messages, FaceTime, and Safari

Three apps that Apple focused with iOS 15 are also very important on iOS 16. Messages have three main new features:

Edit a message: During 15 minutes, users can make up to 5 edits to a given message, and recipients will be able to see a record of edits made to the message;

Undo send: Unsend any message for up to 2 minutes after sending it;

Mark as unread: Mark messages as unread when you don’t have time to respond but want to be sure to reply to the sender later.

With iOS 16, Apple is bringing handoff in FaceTime, which lets you move calls seamlessly from your iPhone to your Mac or iPad, and vice versa. The company is also adding Live Captions in FaceTime, letting you see automatically transcribed dialogue integrated into your video calls.

Last but not least, Safari now has Shared Tab Groups, web push notifications coming in 2023, and new web extension APIs.

Live Text in video, Dictation, and Maps improvements

Introduced with iOS 15, Live Text now work in videos when you pause them in iOS 16. You can use functions like copy and paste, lookup, and translate.

Apple is also bringing an all-new Dictation experience since you can move fluidly between voice and touch. With selected phones, you can insert emojis using your voice while dictating on the device. It also features automatic punctuation such as commas, periods, and question marks for you as you dictate.

Finally, another great feature arriving with Apple Maps is multi-stop routing. It even syncs between devices, so you can plan a route with multiple stops on your Mac and it syncs to your iPhone. Learn more about everything new with Apple Maps here.

iOS 16 features that won’t be available at launch

With the release of iOS 16, Apple said some of the features previously announced during the WWDC 2023 keynote won’t be available at launch, such as:

Live Activities: Live Activities help you stay on top of things that are happening in real-time, right from your Lock Screen;

Live Activities API: Follow an ongoing sports game or track the progress of your ride or order with just a glance. Glance at Live Activities from your favorite third-party apps with the new developer API;

Freeform app: Users will have a canvas for diagramming new projects, and having real-time collaboration while chatting via iMessage or FaceTime. This whiteboard has plenty of space for lots of people working together by writing or drawing;

Matter support: This won’t launch until sometime later this year. Matter is a new smart home connectivity standard that will enable compatible accessories to work together seamlessly, across platforms;

iCloud Shared Photo Library: It gives families a new way to share photos seamlessly with a separate iCloud library that up to six users can collaborate on, contribute to, and enjoy. Users can choose to share existing photos from their personal libraries, or share based on a start date or people in the photos

Device compatibility

Apple surprised users by removing not only the iPhone 6s, but also the iPhone 7 and the first-gen iPhone SE from the list of devices receiving iOS 16. No iPod touch also supports this software update.

iPhone 8 and 8 Plus

iPhone X

iPhone XR, XS, and XS Max

iPhone 11

iPhone 11 Pro and 11 Pro Max

iPhone 12 mini and iPhone 12

iPhone 12 Pro and iPhone 12 Pro Max

iPhone 13 mini and iPhone 13

iPhone 13 Pro and iPhone 13 Pro Max

iPhone 14 and iPhone 14 Plus

iPhone 14 Pro and iPhone 14 Pro Max

iPhone SE (2nd gen)

iPhone SE (3rd gen)

That said, it’s not because your iPhone is receiving iOS 16 that it will have all the features.

When will iOS 16 come out?

iOS 16 was announced on June 6, during WWDC 2023’s keynote. With the public beta available a month later, users can download the new iPhone operating system on September 12.

How to install the iOS 16 public beta?

Some Windows 10 2004 Users Get Compatibility Block Alert

Some Windows 10 2004 users get compatibility block alert

Just like some earlier OS updates, Windows 10 2004 is failing to update for specific users.

Windows Update is displaying a banner explaining the reason for any compatibility hold.

Feel free to visit the Windows 10 page to read more articles on troubleshooting, using, or optimizing your OS experience.

Windows may fail to update for a host of different reasons. Check out our Windows Update Errors page to learn more.

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Just like earlier OS updates, big and small, the latest Windows 10 2004 update had some not-so-pleasant surprises for some users. It failed to install.

In turn, Microsoft put a compatibility hold on some of the affected Windows 10 PCs, just as it usually handles similar situations. That has left some users confused as to why they’re unable to upgrade to an OS they couldn’t wait to explore a few days ago.

Fortunately, Microsoft is at least trying to explain the issue to affected users through a Windows Update banner.

Why you may not install Windows 10 2004 yet

When Microsoft puts a compatibility hold on a device, it stops offering it the update that caused the problem in the first place. That’s what’s happening to users that can’t install the Windows 10 May 2023 update.

According to one Reddit user that experienced the problem, Windows Update is displaying a banner explaining the reason for the compatibility hold.

The Windows 10 May Update is on its way. We’re offering this update to compatible devices, but your device isn’t quite ready for it. Once the device is ready, you’ll see the update available on this page. There’s nothing you need to do at this time.

Up to nine compatibility holds are right now preventing users from receiving the May 2023 update. However, there may be a temporary workaround for some of the known issues.

PCs with Hypervisor-protected code integrity (HVCI) on are unable to upgrade, for example. Affected users can circumvent the problem by updating their display drivers before trying to install Windows 10 version 2004.

They may also disable HVCI, which would allow the new OS to install. But they’d be compromising kernel-mode code integrity in so doing.

Other driver compatibility problems affecting Windows 10 2004 installation include:

Intel iGPU

Realtek Bluetooth radios

Conexant HDAudio Driver

Nvidia display adapters

Still experiencing troubles? Fix them with this tool:

Windows 11 Compatibility Checker (Whynotwin11) Replaces Microsoft’s Own Tool

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Last Updated: August 12th, 2023

Microsoft finally announced the latest version of its operating system last week, sparking a decent amount of excitement around the release of Windows 11. However, whilst everything on the surface seemed hunky-dory, there was a debate bubbling away in a number of internet forums surrounding the compatibility of users’ hardware.

Like with most things, Microsoft tried to make things more simple by releasing an easy Windows 11 compatibility checker on its website. However, this only caused more confusion – leading Microsoft to actually remove the compatibility tool altogether. Fortunately, a free replacement became available soon after, allowing people to check whether or not their PCs could actually run Microsoft’s latest operating system.

The new tool was coined the ‘WhyNotWin11’ application, working in a similar way to that of the original compatibility checker – albeit with a less refined UI.

You can download the WhyNotWin11 app from a number of different sources here.

Check If Your System Is Compatible With Windows 11

So, how does the new WhyNotWin11 application work? Well, for all intents and purposes, it works in the same way as Microsoft’s own tool – checking your PC’s hardware and letting you know whether or not it’d pass the Windows 11 installation process. It looks through your PC’s hardware and crossreferences it against the system requirements for Windows 11 – fairly basic if truth be told.

The tool is incredibly simple but does look a little on the rough side. The UI isn’t nearly as polished as you might like, but that doesn’t really matter – it still tells you exactly what you need to know. For example, if all your hardware is capable but your PC either doesn’t support TPM 2.0 or has it enabled, it’ll crop up on the report.

See image below:

If this is the case, you can simply learn how to enable TPM 2.0 in BIOS and relaunch the Windows 11 compatibility checker. Once completed, the report will come back with the following image resulting in a positive TPM Version mark:

Does Your Motherboard Have TPM 2.0 Functionality?

That is undoubtedly one of the big questions that has come out of the Windows 11 launch recently. For many, TPM is a completely foreign subject – stuffed away deep in the motherboard’s BIOS. However, if you want to upgrade to Windows 11 in the future, you’ll need to know whether or not your motherboard has a TPM 2.0 module and whether or not it’s enabled.

TPM is a security feature found in most motherboards over the last couple of years, adding an additional layer of security to your PC. It has recently become headline news because Windows 11 seems to require it for the installation process. If you’re completely new to TPM, check out our guides on what is TPM and how to enable TPM 2.0 in BIOS.

To find out whether your motherboard is compatible with Windows 11, simply check out one of our following guides:

Many motherboard manufacturers are creating detailed lists of all their Windows 11 hardware thanks to the confusion that currently surrounds the recent Windows 11 System requirements.

How To Download WhyNotWin11 App

So, you want to check out WhyNotWin11 but you aren’t familiar with some of the download sites you’re being redirected to? Don’t worry, we ensure that all links we post are safe, testing each one ourselves before recommending to our readers.

That said, simply head on over to the WhyNotWin11 download page (we’ve used GitHub), and navigate to the ‘Download’ section – around halfway down the page.

Launch the app and see if your PC is compatible

And that’s all there is to it! The WhyNotWin11 compatibility checker allows you to quickly and easily check whether or not your system hardware is compatible with Windows 11. Seeing as though the requirements are fairly limited – with the only real necessity being TPM 2.0 – most will find that their PCs are ready to upgrade to Windows 11. However, if not, try not to worry too much – Microsoft will likely iron out many of the issues between now and launch day.

Issue Management In Your Testing Project

What is Issue Management?

Issue Management is the process to make others aware of the problem and then resolve it as fast as possible

To understand this, take the following exercise –

There are some typical issues in the project

Strategy

The Project is out of budget

Lack of visible management support for the project

Project communication has been ineffective

Project management process does not follow the standard

Definition

Wrong project target

Project Scope not defined correctly

Unclear project requirements

Human Resources

Project team lacks skills to complete the project

Project team is too large or too small & hence difficult to manage

Project team is poorly organized. They do not want to work as a Team

Lack of skilled members due to leave taking or resignations.

Schedules

Project schedule is too tight. You do not have enough manpower to meet deadlines.

The project needs some inputs such as test material, software tool etc. … but there is delay in delivery.

Why do Issues happen?

Here are few common mistakes which cause the issues

Matching resources to the wrong projects

Guru99 Bank is complex and big project. You need many personnel with testing skills. But you selected resources with development skills. What will be the issue?

The following issues may happen

A lot of time will be wasted as the developers are not trained testers & will need to learn testing. Deadline may be missed.

The Quality of Testing may suffer.

The matching up of resources to projects is the most important factor in project management and is viewed as a critical stage for project success. Matching resources to the project should ensure the resources skills are able to reach the project’s expectation.

Project Manager’s lack of management skills

You are assigned as Test Manager of Guru99 Bank project. It is good news, but you have never managed a project before. You do not have any experience in managing a project, it can cause major issue.

Controlling a project is hard and it is even harder if the project manager does not have any experience to manage the project well. Experience in running project status meetings, managing risk and dealing with the project stakeholders is very important for the successful development and execution of a project.

Project schedule

Too tight or loose schedule is one of the reasons that make the project progress delay or overrun. This situation can arise if the project manager sets unrealistic time schedules against project tasks.

Underestimating

Know who are and what you can do. The big mistake the Test Manager makes is that he thinks it is easy to complete any project. You need to be realistic in your thinking and ensure you are not underestimating your needs from the get go.

Ignoring the small problems

Some small problem at present can become worse in the future. See the following example:

Not following the process

Test Management is big process which Manager need to follow strictly. Not following process means you break the rule.

Having a process in place will give you structure and organization and decrease the chances of projects running into risk

Not Listening to others

You are Test Manager of the project; you have the highest position in the project Team. But you cannot do anything alone; you need your project Team.

Issue Management Approach

Let’s start the topic with following scenario

In the project Guru99 Bank, in order to make the Test Plan, you have to analyze and make clear the customer requirement. Here is a scenario

In this case, one issue happened. It came from the customer. In five days, he changed the requirement for 3 times. Fickle clients can be a huge hassle because he does not know what his wants are, until a certain stage is completed.

This topic will show you step-by-steps guideline to solve the issue.

Record

At some point during the project, the risks, which you identified in the planning steps, will become true and you have an issue. You have to record any event or problem which has happened and threatens the success of your project

In many project, the issues are likely to arise at the beginning of the project. So, it is a smart idea to detect and discuss issues during project initiation.

When an issue is identified, you should do following action:

Record the project issues

One of the best tools to record the project issues is issue log. The issue log will help you to focus on finding a solution to a problem.

You can create the issue log by yourself or use the issue log template in this article as the reference.

Set the priority level

Do not forget the issue priority, you always assign a priority level to an issue. There are three issue priorities commonly used

What priority will you set for the issue which mentioned in above topics?

Incorrect

Correct It’s Critical issue and need to resolve immediately

Assign the owner to the issues

Assign project issue to the person best suited to deal with it. That person is someone in or outside the project team. However, if you do assign it someone outside the team makes sure they know what they are getting into!

For our above issue of Customer changing requirement, you can choose a person who has best communication skill to solve the issue. He will work as a bridge engineer to negotiate with customer, request them to fix the requirement, in order to proceed the project.

Track the issues status

After assigning the owner to the issue, you have to check the issue log and update the issue status regularly. The following figures represent the type of risk

Report

Document the significant project issues in your regular progress (highlight) reports and escalate high priority issues to the project board—communication is key.

Expert project managers rely heavily on a project issue status report, especially if a project is large and has many stakeholders.

To help you create your own report, you can use or utilize the Project Issue Template Report in this article.

Control Project Issues

The Project Manager is responsible for the control of project issues and should carefully consider the following activities

Acknowledge the people who could have an impact on resolving the issue.

Stop all activities around the issues and prior to resolving the issue first. You are the project manager and in control of the situation, do not rush the project unless you resolve issues.

Now think hard on following questions for each issue in the log

Create a list of possible actions or options that could offer the breakthrough you are seeking. Then narrow down your list and select those options most likely to resolve the issue.

Incorrect

Correct

In above interactive element, you can use any action to solve the issue such as A, B or C. But in some cases, use only one option may not enough to solve the issue completely. The best way is combine all the options.

For example, if you select option A “Hold the meeting with customer to make clear and baseline the requirement as soon as possible”. What will you do if you and your customer can not make the final requirement after such the meeting? You need to get more support from higher level to negotiate with customer (Option B). If customers are not professional, they even don’t know exactly their requirement. In such case, you should propose new ideas to customer about the product requirement.

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