Trending December 2023 # Lru Cache Implementation Using Double Linked Lists # Suggested January 2024 # Top 12 Popular

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Caching is a technique to improve a computer’s performance by storing frequently accessed data in a cache. The cache is a high-speed storage area in a computer. In this, data can be quickly retrieved from the cache rather than from slower main memory or disc storage whenever needed. Caching can be accomplished in a number of ways. This includes the use of a hash table, an array, or a linked list. In this article, we will explore the LRU Cache implementation using Double Linked Lists in detail.

What is LRU Cache implementation?

The Least Recently Used (LRU) algorithm is a popular caching algorithm that removes the least recently used item from the cache. The LRU removes the least recently used item as soon as it detects that the cache is full. The LRU algorithm accomplishes this by keeping track of the order of access of items in the cache.

When a new item is introduced to the memory cache; the LRU technique shifts it to the highest position of the list, indicating that it has been used most recently. The least recently utilized item is usually near the bottom of the list. If the cookie is full and an additional item needs to be added, the least recently used product is removed.

A double-linked list is able to be utilized to keep apprised of the arrangement of items in the cache while establishing the LRU algorithm. Each of the items in the list is denoted by a node with a key-value pair. The node in question also contains points to the nodes in the list that come before and after it. A hash map can also be used to offer quick access to cache items. The hash map associates keys with their corresponding linked list nodes.

Advantages of LRU Cache

Fast Access − The doubly linked list allows for constant-time access to the list’s beginning and end, making it simple to retrieve the most recently used or least recently used item. This allows for quick access to data in the cache as well as quick eviction of the least recently used item.

Efficient Eviction − By removing the node at the end of the list, the doubly linked list allows for efficient eviction of the least recently used item. This means that when the cache reaches its maximum capacity, the algorithm can quickly free up space.

Low Overhead − Due to its low overhead, the implementation is suitable for use in memory-constrained environments. The doubly linked list and hash map require only a small amount of extra memory to be stored.

Customizability − LRU cache can be easily modified to meet a variety of needs and use cases. According to the requirements of the application, for instance, the cache capacity, eviction rules, and other parameters can be changed to optimize the cache behavior.

Memory Overhead &minus When compared to other caching algorithms, the use of a doubly linked list and a hash map to implement the cache requires more memory overhead. In memory-constrained environments or when caching large amounts of data, this can be a problem.

Complexity &minus The implementation of an LRU Cache using a double-linked list might be more complex than it looks. Though it is comparatively simpler to implement than other caching algorithms, prior knowledge of hash maps and linked lists is a must. This makes it complex to implement correctly and, without which might lead to bugs.

Limited Adaptability &minus The LRU Cache algorithm ideally, should perform well in situations with a limited set of keys and a fixed capacity. But, in case there are a large number of unique keys or the capacity must be frequently changed, it may not perform as well.

Inefficient for Larger Datasets &minus The LRU Cache algorithm may not be as efficient for very large data sets. But other caching algorithms, like Bloom Filter or a Trie, may be more appropriate in the case of larger datasets.

Removal of Frequently Used Items &minus Sometimes, The LRU Cache algorithm may remove items that are still frequently used as well. This might result in a decrease in the cache hit rate and overall performance of the algorithm. We can mitigate this by increasing cache capacity or by using a different caching algorithm that keeps the frequency of use in consideration.

Conclusion

A double-linked list can be used to implement an LRU cache in a quick and effective way. This is used to add caching capabilities to a software system. In this article, we learned that the combining the use of a double-linked list with a hash map enables powerful features like effective memory management, quick data retrieval, and predictable data access behavior. Further, this allows for customization in terms of cache size and removal rules. This makes it applicable to a number of use cases.

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Fix: Ccleaner Not Clearing Cache

Fix: CCleaner not Clearing Cache [Android, PC, Browsers]

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What is the best cache cleaner app for Android? It can be no other than CCleaner.

One of the reasons behind its popularity is the cross-platform availability that makes it work on PCs, phones, and Mac devices.

Sometimes, even the greatest apps face difficulties and such is the case with CCleaner not clearing cache on Android.

You can force clear cache on Android and delete hidden cache to solve the issue. Here’s how to do it.

Keep your PC always working the optimum level CCLeaner is one of the most trusted software that keeps your PC clean and optimized while not interfering with essential system elements. Download it now to:

Clear your cache and cookies for a flawless browsing

Clean registry errors and broken settings

Work and play faster with a quicker PC startup

Check your PC’s health

Update drivers and software to avoid common errors

Keep your system fully functional

For many users, CCleaner is a personal favorite when it comes to decluttering and cleaning Windows and other systems. However, quite a few of them complained about CCleaner not clearing the cache on Android.

CCleaner is a cross-platform cleaning tool, and you can use it on Windows, Mac, mobile platforms, or browsers.

Now, some of you might question the utility of such apps in the first place. Instead of constantly wondering, we encourage you to see for yourself how safe and useful CCleaner really is.

There is nothing excessively complicated about clearing the cache on Android.

However, it is time-consuming and tedious. This is where CCleaner, the best app to clean hidden cache on Android, comes into play.

But what do you do when your cache won’t clear even with CCleaner?

What do I do when my cache won’t clear with CCleaner? 1. CCleaner not working on Android, PC, browsers 1.1. Force clear cache on Android

Launch the CCleaner app on your Android device.

Tap Analyze disk. Once analysis is completed, tap Show results.

Make sure you select Hidden Cache from the list of items and tap Finish cleaning.

Then, check Enable in the new dialog box.

Slide down to the Services section, select CCleaner, and switch it to On.

Alternatively, you can simply tap Allow when CCleaner asks permission to access the files on your device.

Return to the cache clearing screen to confirm the action was performed properly.

One of the major culprits behind CCleaner not clearing the cache on Android is no other than the hidden cache.

Apps like YouTube or Spotify store data packages such as image thumbnails to retrieve information quicker and load faster, rather than download it repeatedly. However, they are stored in a hidden place.

Why can’t I clear cache on my Android with CCleaner?

Starting from Android 6, apps like CCleaner require permission in order to access specific parts of your internal cache.

Unless you grant these rights, CCleaner won’t be able to fully clean your device, including the hidden cache.

Finally, you can also manually delete the thumbnails on your device.

How do I clear the cache on my Samsung Android?

Open Settings and go to Storage or Internal storage.

From the list, select Apps and open each item for which you want to clean the cache.

From the App info screen, select Storage.

At the bottom of the screen, you will see 2 options: Clear data and Clear cache.

Tap Clear cache and repeat the process for every other app whose cache you want to remove.

1.2. Fix CCleaner not working on Windows 10/11

Clearing the temp files is important as they can disrupt the performance of CCleaner.

Expert tip:

Run CCleaner with admin privileges.

Make sure you select the precise items you want to remove otherwise the app will skip them.

Run CCleaner in Safe Mode for a couple of minutes, then in regular mode again.

Update CCleaner to the latest version and update Widows as well.

If you’re struggling with different kinds of issues in connection to this app, check out these useful tips on how to fix common CCleaner bugs on PC.

1.3. CCleaner not removing cache in browsers

CCleaner not cleaning Chrome (cookies, cache)

Why is CCleaner not cleaning Chrome?

Sometimes, CCleaner is unable to remove the browser cache because it simply cannot access it. Since Chrome is usually synced to your Google account, you need to disable syncing.

Alternatively, you can manually delete the browser cache from Chrome directly.

CCleaner Edge Chromium skipped

In previous versions of CCleaner (such as 5.22, but not only), a recurrent glitch made the app freeze when analyzing Microsoft Edge.

It should no longer be the case. However, if you feel that CCleaner is taking too long to scan, you can either select fewer categories or proceed with the manual removal of the cache, as shown above.

CCleaner not clearing Firefox History

Just like in previous cases, deleting items through the Firefox browser is a helpful way to fix CCleaner not clearing the cache.

Needless to say, we have prepared more useful troubleshooting steps specifically for situations in which CCleaner isn’t deleting Firefox history.

Tip

➡ Switching to Opera makes perfect sense as it not only works seamlessly with CCleaner but boasts tons of space and memory optimization features.➡ What’s more, you can easily switch between platforms and import your preferences without hassle as Opera works seamlessly across Android, Windows, and Mac devices.

If you struggling to declutter your current browser, it might be a good idea to look for a better one.makes perfect sense as it not only works seamlessly with CCleaner but boasts tons of space and memory optimization features.➡ What’s more, you can easily switch between platforms and import your preferences without hassle as Opera works seamlessly across Android, Windows, and Mac devices.

2. Uninstall and reinstall CCleaner

Press Windows + E to launch the File Explorer.

Navigate the path using the following: C:Program FilesCCleaner

Locate uninstaller, open it and follow the prompts to uninstall the current version of CCleaner.

Visit the official website to download the latest CCleaner version.

Follow the on-screen prompts to complete the installation.

Having reinstalled the CCleaner application, all the functionalities should be restored. Hence, issues like CCleaner not clearing cache should be sorted. On Android, it’s even simpler.

Uninstall the app and then, download and install it again from the Google Play store.

Still experiencing issues?

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Learn The Examples For Implementation

Introduction to PostgreSQL REGEXP_REPLACE

The regular expression is a sequence of characters, the short name for the list of strings. If any string matches with any of the strings, which is part of a list of the strings defined by the regular expression. PostgreSQL supports the regular expression, and the function provided by PostgreSQL is used to replace substrings with a new substring that matches a POSIX regular expression. The PostgreSQL REGEXP_REPLACE() function uses a POSIX regular expression pattern.

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Syntax:

REGEXP_REPLACE(input_string, regex_pattern, replace_string,[, flags])

Explanation:

input_string: This defines the input string in which replacement should be taken place for a specified pattern, a POSIX regular expression.

regex_pattern: This defines the POSIX regular expression to match the string.

flags: This flag is used to control the behavior of the REGEXP_REPLACE() function, This can have the value of one or more characters.

Replace_string: This string defines a string that replaces the substring, which matches the POSIX regular expression pattern.

Examples of PostgreSQL REGEXP_REPLACE

Here are the following examples of implementing the PostgreSQL REGEXP_REPLACE function

Consider the following name format like the first name and then last name:

‘Jacob David’

Suppose we want to re-arrange the last name and the first name for purposes like the last name and then the first name. So, we can use the PostgreSQL REGEXP_REPLACE() function to do this as follows:

SELECT REGEXP_REPLACE('Jacob David', '(.*) (.*)', '2, 1');

Illustrate the result of the above statement by using the following snapshot.

Example #2

Example, to remove the string, consider we have a string in the following as follows:

"xyz54321ABC"

Now, we will remove all alphabets characters from the above string by using the following statement:

SELECT REGEXP_REPLACE('xyz54321ABC', '[[:alpha:]]', '', 'g');

Illustrate the result of the above statement by using the following snapshot.

Now, we will remove all digits from the above string by using the following statement:

SELECT REGEXP_REPLACE('xyz54321ABC', '[[:digit:]]', '', 'g');

Illustrate the result of the above statement by using the following snapshot.

In the above examples, we have used the following regular expressions.

'[[:alpha:]]' '[[:digit:]]'

Also, we have used the replacement string as ‘’ and the flag ‘g’ we have used to instruct the PostgreSQL REGEXP_REPLACE function to replace all of the occurrences of the matched string and not just the first occurrence.

Example #3

Remove multiple occurrences of the spaces. Consider the following example, which removes more than one space that occurred in a string. Consider the following statement to do the same.

SELECT REGEXP_REPLACE('PostgreSQL is awesome database', '( ){2,}', ' ', 'g');

Illustrate the result of the above statement by using the following snapshot.

Example #4

We will create a table named ‘student’ by using the CREATE TABLE statement as follows:

create table student ( stud_id serial PRIMARY KEY, stud_fname VARCHAR(80) NOT NULL, stud_lname VARCHAR(80) NOT NULL );

Now, we will insert some data into the student table by using the INSERT INTO statement as follows

INSERT INTO student(stud_fname,stud_lname) VALUES ('Smith','Johnson'), ('Williams','Jones'), ('Brown','Davis');

Illustrate the above INSERT statement’s result using the following SQL statement and snapshot.

select * from student;

Consider the following SQL statement where we are checking whether the stud_lname is having ‘Jo’ substring, and if it exists, then we replace it with ‘K.’

SELECT REGEXP_REPLACE(stud_lname , 'Jo', 'K') AS "New Name" FROM student;

Also, consider the other example,

Consider the following SQL statement where we are checking whether the stud_lname is having ‘s’ substring, and if it exists, then we replace it with ‘K’

SELECT REGEXP_REPLACE(stud_lname , 's', 'K') AS "New Name" FROM student;

Illustrate the result of the above SQL statement by using the following snapshot.

Advantages of using PostgreSQL REGEXP_REPLACE () function

1. The PostgreSQL REGEXP_REPLACE () function supports various flags,

Consider examples like:

flag ‘i’ : match case-insensitively

flag ‘g’: search globally for each occurrence.

2. The PostgreSQL REGEXP_REPLACE() replaces all occurrences of the substring with the new string.

3. We can use The PostgreSQL REGEXP_REPLACE() function, the substring in variable length or dynamic strings.

Conclusion

From the above article, we hope you understand how to use the PostgreSQL REGEXP_REPLACE() function and how the PostgreSQL REGEXP_REPLACE() function works. Also, we have added several examples of the PostgreSQL REGEXP_REPLACE() function to understand it in detail.

The Double Declining Balance Depreciation Method

The double declining balance (DDB) depreciation method lets you depreciate assets more in early years after you buy them.

The DDB depreciation method is easy to implement and track in most accounting software.

The DDB depreciation method can lead to greater depreciation recapture if you sell an asset before the end of its useful life.

This article is for entrepreneurs and professionals interested in accounting software and practices.

The double declining balance (DDB) depreciation method is an approach to accounting that involves depreciating certain assets at twice the rate outlined under straight-line depreciation. This results in depreciation being the highest in the first year of ownership and declining over time.

Given the nature of the DDB depreciation method, it is best reserved for assets that depreciate rapidly in the first several years of ownership, such as cars and heavy equipment. By applying the DDB depreciation method, you can depreciate these assets faster, capturing tax benefits more quickly and reducing your tax liability in the first few years after purchasing them.

Editor’s note: Looking for the right accounting software for your business? Fill out the below questionnaire to have our vendor partners contact you about your needs.

What is the double declining balance (DDB) depreciation method?

The DDB depreciation method is a common accounting method of depreciation wherein an asset’s value depreciates at twice the rate it would under straight-line depreciation – another and perhaps even more popular method of depreciation.

When a business depreciates an asset, it reduces the value of that asset over time from its cost basis (what it paid to acquire the asset) to some ultimate salvage value over a set period of years (considered the useful life of the asset). By reducing the value of that asset on the company’s books, a business is able to claim tax deductions each year for the presumed lost value of the asset over that year.

These are the most common depreciation methods:

Straight-line depreciation. This method depreciates an asset from purchase price to salvage value by even amounts over a defined term (the useful life). The annual depreciation amount is equal to the total depreciation amount (purchase price minus salvage value) divided by the asset’s estimated useful life.

Double declining balance depreciation. This method depreciates assets at twice the rate of the straight-line method. Users of this method start by calculating the amount allowed under straight-line depreciation for year one and then doubling it. The next year, they calculate remaining depreciable balance, divide by remaining years and multiply by two. They do this each year until the final year of the asset’s useful life, where they depreciate any remainder over the asset’s salvage value.

Sum-of-the-years digits depreciation. This method requires taking the useful life of an asset and adding up the number of each year (e.g., 5+4+3+2+1 for a five-year useful life). Each year, you divide the number of years left to depreciate the asset (starting with the highest number) by the year-value total. Then you multiply the resulting percentage by the remaining depreciable value of the asset.

DDB depreciation formula

The DDB depreciation method is a little more complicated than the straight-line method. Here’s the formula for calculating the amount to be depreciated each year:

(Cost of asset / Length of useful life in years) x 2 x Book value at the beginning of the year

This formula works for each year you are depreciating an asset, except for the last year of an asset’s useful life. In that year, the amount to be depreciated will be the difference between the book value of the asset at the beginning of the year and its final salvage value (this is usually just a small remainder).

Once the asset is valued on the company’s books at its salvage value, it is considered fully depreciated and cannot be depreciated any further. However, if the company later goes on to sell that asset for more than its value on the company’s books, it must pay taxes on the difference as a capital gain. This is called depreciation recapture.

On the whole, DDB is not a generally easy depreciation method to implement. You can also use leading accounting software to track the value of an asset while you depreciate it, though you may need to calculate the annual depreciation amount manually each year, depending on the software and depreciation method that you use.

Key Takeaway

Just because you may need to calculate your depreciation amount manually each year doesn’t mean you can change methods. Once you choose a method, you need to stick with it for the duration.

How to calculate DDB depreciation

Follow these steps to calculate depreciation of an asset using the DDB depreciation method:

Determine your cost basis in an asset. This includes not only the acquisition price, but also any ancillary costs, such as broker fees, legal charges and other closing costs.

Identify the useful life of the asset. These are provided by the IRS and vary by value and type of asset.

Look up the asset’s salvage value. This is an estimate of the asset’s value at the end of its useful life. Guidance for determining salvage value is also provided by the IRS.

Calculate the first year of depreciation. Use the formula above to determine your depreciation for the first year.

Continue calculations until you reach salvage value. Repeat this process until the final year, when you write off any remaining depreciable amount.

Calculating DDB depreciation may seem complicated, but it can be easy to accomplish with accounting software. To see which software may be right for you, check out our list of the best accounting software or some of our individual product reviews, like our Zoho Books review and our Intuit QuickBooks accounting software review.

Example of DDB depreciation

Consider a widget manufacturer that purchases a $200,000 packaging machine with an estimated salvage value of $25,000 and a useful life of five years. Under the DDB depreciation method, the equipment loses $80,000 in value during its first year of use, $48,000 in the second and so on until it reaches its salvage price of $25,000 in year five.

Because the equipment has a useful life of only five years it is expected to quickly lose value in the first few years of use – making DDB depreciation the most appropriate method of depreciation for this type of asset.

Here’s a closer look at the depreciation each year:

YearNet book value at beginning of yearDDB depreciationNet book value at end of year1$200,000$80,000$120,0002$120,000$48,000$72,0003$72,000$28,800$43,2004$43,200$17,280$25,9205$25,920$920$25,000

Now compare this with straight-line depreciation. This is what the schedule would look like when depreciating the same $200,000 asset using straight-line depreciation:

YearNet book value at beginning of yearStraight-line balance depreciationNet book value at end of year1$200,000$35,000$165,0002$165,000$35,000$130,0003$130,000$35,000$95,0004$95,000$35,000$60,0005$60,000$35,000$25,000

Using the example above, the same asset would lose $35,000 in the first year and each subsequent year until it was fully depreciated in year five. Comparing the two schedules above, it’s clear that much larger portions of the asset’s value are written off in early years using the DDB depreciation method, creating greater tax savings in early years.

However, this also means that, if you sold the equipment for $180,000 in year three, you would incur much greater tax liability from the DDB depreciation method as a result of depreciation recapture than you would using the straight-line method.

Double Mockup: 12.9″ Ipad Pro + Next

Apple may not be interested in making a full-on television set after all, if Yukari Iwatani Kane’s scathing book, titled Haunted Empire: Apple After Steve Jobs (available on the iBooks Store), is anything to go by. Needlees to say, that’s not stopping those mockups from coming.

Take, for instance, German website chúng tôi which today put out an interesting concept envisioning Apple’s rumored oversized iPad, the iPad Pro with a 12.9-inch edge-to-edge screen.

The same outlet previously mocked up a next-generation Apple TV concept sporting an interesting looking remote with touch controls that resembles the iPod touch. Unlike some other crazy concepts, the publication did its homework by basing the renderings on rumor-mill reporting.

Let’s take a look at the iPad Pro concept first.

Back in June of last year, The Wall Street Journal set the tongues wagging by quoting by citing people familiar with Apple’s plans as claiming that the company had been testing a prototype iPad device with a 12.9-inch screen.

The rumor-mill readily picked up the report though recent reporting seemingly suggests that Apple may have put the project on hold. The usually reliable Ming-Chi Kuo of KGI Securities, for instance, thinks we won’t see the iPad Pro until 2023 although the company is accelerating development of the device.

And earlier this month, the hit-and-miss DigiTimes claimed Apple had actually shelved the project due to various developmental issues, based on supply chain and channel inventory sources.

A few salient points by Curved.de:

The iPad Pro design is pretty close to its siblings, the iPad mini Retina and iPad Air. Curved corners and a flat back. Sound is provided from speakers that are placed left and right from the Lightning connector.

Touch ID is integrated in the saphire glass protected home button, which was introduced for iPhone 5s.

The screen is 12.9 inch wide and has a 4K-solution with 3,072×2,304 pixels (298 ppi), using LED-backlights and IPS-technology.

Even though it’s wider, it’s still as thin as the iPad Air: 7.5 mm.

The bigger screen with more pixels requires an A8 chipset with 64-bit-architecture.

Apps for the iPad Air are shown optimized by the iPad Pro. Dedicated apps – labelled with “Pro” – use the higher resolution and performance of the all new iPad Pro.

New pencils may fully employ all the features like pressure sensitivity. But don’t hold your breath for a multi button pen made by Apple.

Here’s the full gallery of iPad Pro mockups.

For what it’s worth, I’m not entirely convinced that the iPad Pro makes sense. Even though such a device would no doubt win heats and minds of creative professionals – think touch-optimized Aperture and Final Cut Pro on a 12.9-inch multitouch screen – it would admittedly lack mass-market appeal and Apple rarely caters to niche markets.

And now, on to Curved.de’s Apple TV concept.

The website is envisioning a 4K resolution-capable next-generation Apple TV thanks to an HDMI 2.0 port, driven by the A7 chip already used in the iPhone 5s, iPad Air and iPad mini with Retina display.

“The main attraction is the revamped remote control, completely redesigned as a touch device that might be wirelessly rechargeable via Apple TV,” the story notes, adding you’d still be able to control the set-top box through Apple’s free Remote iOS app.

And here’s the full gallery.

The publication goes on to put DVD Audio, SADC, Dolby Digital Plus, True HD and dts-HD, 32 channel audio and 1536 kHz sample rate on their wish list. We’re of course expecting an Apple TV App Store for games as well, in addition to speedy 802.11ac Wi-Fi networking, Bluetooth and more.

At any rate, these mockups are just that – mockups – so don’t read too much into them as we’re reposting the images here for the discussion’s sake.

Top Points For Successful Erp Implementation

ERP systems are trusted by businesses from all industries. They streamline business processes, increase productivity, reduce wastage, encourage collaboration and increase profits. Advanced ERP solutions provide actionable insights that allow decision-makers to make better decisions. Although ERP has many benefits, implementation can be difficult as it involves a lot of time and money. Implementation is the key to ERP’s success. ERP implementations that are successful will ultimately improve the productivity and efficiency of operations. If ERP isn’t implemented correctly, it can cause a loss of time and money. We offer “Tips for Successful ERP Implementation” in this article.

Understanding Your Business Requirements

It is recommended to first identify the problem areas in your business if you don’t use any ERP or accounting software. You must monitor and control the movement of goods across different channels if your business involves a supply chain. If your accounting software is outdated, you should consider upgrading to a more sophisticated system that will not only increase organizational efficiency but also eliminate data silos.

How to Choose the Best ERP Solution

There are so many options on the market that it is difficult to find the right option for your business. Oracle NetSuite is one of the most widely used options. NetSuite, a cloud-based and true SaaS Business Manager Suite, automates both front- and back-office processes. This allows small and large businesses to quickly respond to market opportunities and make informed decisions. NetSuite offers core capabilities such as financial management, revenue management, fixed assets management, order management, and billing. It also provides real-time visibility of key performance indicators. Available as Software-as-a-Service (SaaS), NetSuite doesn’t require hardware, no large upfront license fee, no maintenance fees associated with hardware or software, and no complex setups. SaaS deployment allows even small businesses to benefit from digital transformation.

Right Implementation Team

Be Precise and Realistic

Manage Change, Avoid Chaos

The installation of ERP can transform many processes and the way employees work. The success of the implementation depends on the quality of your change management planning. Proper planning and execution tactics will prevent confusion and buildup of resistance to impending changes. It would be great to educate your employees about the ERP solution’s benefits.